| 本土蒿属植物浸提液对农田入侵杂草生长的化感效应 |
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| 引用本文：王宇超，吕金林，毛祝新，李 倩.本土蒿属植物浸提液对农田入侵杂草生长的化感效应[J].西北农业学报,2023,(1):117~129 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2023.01.013 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省林业科学院科技创新计划专项（SXLK2020-0203）；陕西省科学院科技计划（2020K-05）；陕西省重点研发计划（2021SF-490）。 |
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| 中文摘要:旨在探究能有效减弱入侵植物生长和扩散蔓延的本地蒿属种浸提液。通过对农田入侵杂草粗毛牛膝菊和小蓬草的种子分别施加不同质量浓度的5种本地蒿属植物地上和地下部分浸提液，比较分析质量浓度梯度、蒿属植物以及不同部位浸提液对入侵种萌发率、成苗率和根系长度的化感作用。结果表明：（1）蒿属植物地上部分和地下部分浸提液对入侵植物萌发率、成苗率和根系长度的影响在5种蒿属植物和不同质量浓度间均存在显著差异，并且随着浸提液质量浓度的增加，影响程度会加剧；（2）相较于地下部分浸提液，蒿属植物地上部分浸提液对2种入侵植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响更加明显，其中艾蒿浸提液对粗毛牛膝菊生长的影响较弱，其他蒿属植物浸提液的化感作用较强，例如猪毛蒿地上浸取液质量浓度为0.25 g/mL和0.4 g/mL时，萌发率、成苗率和根长为0；黄花蒿和猪毛蒿对小蓬草的影响较强，地上浸取液质量浓度为0.4 g/mL时，萌发率、成苗率和根长为0；（3）与萌发率和成苗率相比，入侵植物根系长度对蒿属植物地上部分和地下部分浸提液的响应更敏感。这些结果说明，本地蒿属植物地上和地下部分浸提液可以减弱粗毛牛膝菊和小蓬草的生长，并且随着质量浓度的升高而加剧，尤其是黄花蒿和猪毛蒿地上部分浸提液质量浓度为0.4 g/mL时效果更加明显，对这2种入侵植物的生物防治可以参考此数值。 |
| 中文关键词:蒿属植物 浸提液 粗毛牛膝菊 小蓬草 化感效应 |
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| Allelopathic Effect of Native Artemisia Species Extracts on Growth of Invasive Weeds in Farmland |
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| Abstract:In order to explore native Artemisia species extracts that could effectively weaken growth and spread of invasive plants, the seeds of the invasive weeds Galinsoga quadriradiata and Conyza canadensis were inoculated with different mass concentrations of the aboveground and underground extracts of five native Artemisia species, respectively in this paper. We compared and analyzed the effects of mass concentration gradients, Artemisia species and extracts from different parts on the germination rate, seedling formation rate and root length of the invasive species. The results showed that: (1) The effects of the extracts on the germination rate, seedling rate and root length of invasive plants were significantly different among the five Artemisia species and mass concentrations, and its effects would be intensified with the increase of the mass concentration. (2) In comparison to the underground extracts,the growth of the two invasive plants were obviously affected by the aboveground extracts of five Artemisia species. The effect of A.argyi extracts on the growth of G.quadriradiata was weaker, while the aboveground extracts of other Artemisia species had stronger allelopathic effects. For instance, germination rate, seedling rate and root length was 0 when A.scoparia extracts were 0.25 g/mL and 0.4 g/mL. A.annua and A.scoparia had stronger effect on the growth of C.canadensis, the three growth indexes were all 0 when the mass concentration was 0.4 g/mL. (3) Root length of invasive plants was more sensitive to the aboveground and underground extracts of Artemisia species compared to germination rate and seedling rate. These results indicated that aboveground and underground extracts from local Artemisia species could weaken the growth of G.quadriradiata and C.canadensis, which had aggravation with higher mass concentration. Especially, the effectiveness was more apparent when the aboveground extracts mass concentration of A.annua and A.scoparia was 0.4 g/mL, this value could be a reference of the biocontrol in the two invasive plants.. |
| keywords:Artemisia species Aboveground and underground extracts Galinsoga quadriradiata Conyza canadensis Allelopathic effect |
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