| 水稻芽期抗旱性综合评价及鉴定指标鉴选 |
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| 引用本文：李其勇,朱从桦,李星月,武丙琳,易 军,符慧娟,陈德西,张 鸿.水稻芽期抗旱性综合评价及鉴定指标鉴选[J].西北农业学报,2023,(1):18~32 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2023.01.003 |
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| 基金项目:现代农业学科建设推进工程（2021XKJS085）。 |
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| 中文摘要:以蒸馏水处理为空白对照，将20份水稻品种种子用浓度为20%PEG-6000（聚乙二醇）的溶液处理，测定整个发芽周期内的发芽势、发芽率、根芽长、干物质变化及相关生理指标，并应用多种统计方法进行抗旱性分析、综合评价，探讨芽期抗旱性鉴定方法及指标。结果表明：干旱胁迫降低了绝大部分品种发芽势、发芽率、根芽长、根芽干质量、SOD活性等，对根芽长、物质消耗的抑制作用较萌发相关指标更强；提高了剩余种子干质量、POD、CAT、MDA、β-淀粉酶、可溶性糖、脯氨酸等；除根数和可溶性糖在品种与干旱胁迫互作间、根芽比在干旱胁迫间、脯氨酸在品种间差异不显著外，所有指标在干旱胁迫间、品种间及干旱胁迫和品种互作间差异达显著水平。应用改进的分级法、隶属函数法、主成分法分别进行抗旱性综合评价，3种综合评价指标间均极显著正相关，其中以分级系数和隶属函数综合值评价结果优于主成分法。聚类分析表明，20个品种芽期干旱胁迫下可分为5个不同抗旱性类群，其中‘冈优99’抗旱性很强，‘德香4923’‘内6优138’‘川香优6号’‘川优6203’抗旱性较强。储藏物质转化率、活力指数、萌发抗旱系数、芽长、芽干质量与各综合指标显著相关性，且与萌发相关单项指标显著相关。综合分析表明，储藏物质转化率可作为水稻芽期抗旱性首选指标，活力指数、萌发抗旱系数、芽长、芽干质量可以作为备选指标，而分级系数、隶属函数综合值可作为抗旱性精确鉴定的综合指标。改进的分级法进行综合评价应用效果较好，可作为综合评价法适用。此外，综合评价法可较好评价参试品种芽期抗旱性强弱，且以分级法、隶属函数法综合评价法较优。 |
| 中文关键词:水稻芽期 抗旱性 分级系数 综合评价 指标筛选 |
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| Comprehensive Evaluation and Identification Index of Drought Resistance at Germination Stage of Rice |
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| Abstract:Using distilled water as control，20 rice varieties seeds were treated with 20% PEG-6000 (polyethylene glycol-6000) solution. The germination potential，germination rate，root length，shoot length，dry matter changes and other related physiological indices were measured during the whole germination stage. A variety of statistical methods were used to analyze drought resistance and evaluate comprehensively for exploring the drought-resistant identification methods and indices at rice gemination stage. In most rice varieties，drought stress reduced the germination potential，germination rate，root length，shoot length，root dry mass，shoot dry mass，SOD enzyme activity.The inhibition effect of root length，shoot length，and material consumption was much stronger than of germination-related indices，however，the seed dry mass，POD，CAT，MDA，β-amylase，soluble sugar and proline content were improved by drought stress. There was no significant difference in the number of roots，soluble sugar between varieties and drought stress，root-shoot ratio between drought stress，and proline in the varieties. Other indices had significant difference between drought stress，varieties，interaction of drought stress with varieties. The improved grading method，membership function method and principal components analysis were used to carry out comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance，respectively. There was a significantly positive correlation between the three comprehensive evaluation indices，in which the evaluation results of improved grading method and membership function method was better than that of the principal components analysis. The cluster analysis showed that，at germination stage，20 rice varieties could be divided into five drought-resistance groups，among them，‘Gangyou 99’ had stronger drought resistance，‘Dexiang 4923’‘Nei6 You 138’‘Chuanxiangyou 6’ and ‘Chuanyou 6203’ had relatively strong drought resistance. The conversion rate of storage material，vitality index，drought resistance coefficient of gemination ，shoot length，and shoot dry mass were significantly correlated with the comprehensive index，and also significantly related to the individual germination index. The comprehensive analysis showed that the conversion rate of storage material can be used as the preferred index of drought resistance at the germination stage of rice，vitality index，germination drought resistance coefficient，shoot length，and shoot dry mass can be used as an alternative index，the grading method and membership function method can be used as a comprehensive indices for accurate identification of drought resistance. The improved grading method has a better effect on comprehensive evaluation of application，and can be applied as comprehensive evaluation method. In addition，the comprehensive evaluation method can better evaluate the drought resistance of the participating rice varieties at the germination stage，and the grading method and membership function method were better comprehensive evaluation method. |
| keywords:Germinating stage of rice Drought resistance Grading coefficient Comprehensive evaluation Index of identification |
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