| 47份大白菜品种的遗传多样性研究 |
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| 引用本文：韩 睿,赵孟良,孙世英,任延靖.47份大白菜品种的遗传多样性研究[J].西北农业学报,2021,30(5):707~706 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2021.05.010 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31960602)；青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y02)；青海省科技厅青年基金(2019-ZJ-979Q)；青海省农林科学院创新基金(2018-NKY-006，2018-NKY-008)。 |
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| 中文摘要:通过对47份大白菜在青海地区的适应性及多样性分析，旨在为青海地区秋季大白菜优良品种的推广及科学种植提供理论依据。利用表型分析与SSR分子标记综合分析，结果表明：各农艺性状的变异系数范围为0.12%~0.64%，其中中心柱长的变异系数最大；数量性状的遗传多样性指数（H′）为0.65~ 1.49，外叶宽的值最高；质量性状多样性指数范围为0.42~2.04，叶球形状最具多样性，其中头球形占比27%；主成分分析结果显示4个主成分特征值均大于1.0，累计贡献率达到74.21%；47份大白菜的隶属函数值为0.18~ 0.53，长筒状品种大白菜均具有较高的隶属函数值；基于农艺性状的系统聚类分析，供试品种可分为5大类群，类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ属于头球形叶球类群，类群Ⅴ属于筒形叶球类群。SSR分子标记的69对引物中多态性引物占比85.5%，通过系统聚类分析，在距离系数为23时，将47份品种划分为5个类群，各白菜品种间的遗传相似性相对较高。经农艺性状及分子标记结果综合分析，47份白菜材料中最适宜于在青海地区栽培的品种为筒形白菜品种‘天津绿’和‘天青78’，球形白菜品种‘精纯胶蔬秋’，由于其结球紧实、抗病性高且易于管理的特性，在青海地区有较高推广及种植价值。 |
| 中文关键词:大白菜 农艺性状 SSR 亲缘关系 遗传多样性 |
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| Genetic Diversity of 47 Chinese Cabbage Varieties |
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| Abstract:The adaptability and diversity of 47 Chinese cabbages in Qinghai were analysed for providing a theoretical basis for the promotion and scientific planting of quality varieties of Autumn Chinese cabbage in Qinghai. The analysis of phenotype and SSR molecular markers showed that the coefficient of variation of each agronomic trait ranged from 0.12% to 0.64%,in which the central column length was the largest; genetic diversity index(H′) of quantitative traits ranging from 0.65 to 1.49 had the highest value of outer leaf width; the diversity index range of quality traits was 0.42-2.04,and the shape of leaf ball was the most diverse,of which 27% was capitate; the results of principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the four principal components were all greater than 1.0,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 74.21%; the subordinate function value of 47 Chinese cabbages was between 0.18-0.53,and the long-cylinder varieties had higher subordinate function value; based on the systematic cluster analysis of agronomic traits,the tested varieties could be divided into 5 groups. Group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ belonged to the group of cephalospheres,and group Ⅴ belonged to the group of cylindrical leaf spheres; a total of 85.5% of the 69 primers SSR molecular markers were polymorphic. By systematic cluster analysis ,47 varieties were divided into 5 groups at the distance coefficient of 23,and the genetic similarity among the varieties was relatively high.In conlusion,the most suitable varieties for cultivation in Qinghai area are ‘Tianjinlu’ and ‘Tianqing 78’,and spherical cabbage variety ‘Jingchunjiaoshuqiu’,it is valuable to be popularized and planted in Qinghai area because of its characteristics of tight nodulation,high disease resistance and easy management. |
| keywords:Chinese cabbage Economical character SSR Affiliation Genetic diversity |
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