| 有机废弃物配比发酵对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响 |
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| 引用本文：刘 智，周喜荣,刘少泉，孙 权，王 锐.有机废弃物配比发酵对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响[J].西北农业学报,2021,30(5):698~706 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2021.05.009 |
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| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划（2019BCF01001；2017BN05）。 |
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| 中文摘要:为促进地区有机废弃物资源有效利用，提升育苗基质质量，研究以有机废弃物配比发酵对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响。以牛粪与玉米、小麦、水稻、芦苇秸秆分别进行配比发酵后作为育苗基质进行试验，共设5个处理：T1（牛粪+玉米秸秆发酵基质）、T2（牛粪+小麦秸秆发酵基质）、T3（牛粪+水稻秸秆发酵基质）、T4（牛粪+芦苇秸秆发酵基质）、CK（选用“壮苗2号”商品育苗基质），分析不同处理育苗基质的理化性质及其对黄瓜幼苗生长形态、生理指标的影响，探讨有机废弃物配比发酵作为育苗基质的可行性。结果表明，有机废弃物配比发酵处理可以提高育苗基质的通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度、有机质养分含量，降低育苗基质的pH和电导率。由黄瓜幼苗生长形态指标可知，与CK相比，有机废弃物发酵配比处理黄瓜幼苗株高提高11.19%~ 36.76%，茎粗增加22.79%~54.76%，叶面积增加4.74%~40.09%，地上部鲜质量增加6.95%~58.27%，地上部干质量增加19.04%~104.76%，壮苗指数增加16.66%~33.33%；根冠比较CK增加26.31%。由黄瓜生理指标可知，T1处理黄瓜幼苗植株生理效果最好，与CK相比，可溶性糖含量提高28.16%，根系活力提高90.97%，可溶性蛋白含量提高66.44%，叶绿素a含量提高20.58%，叶绿素总量提高15.11%。通过对生长形态和生理指标的综合评价得出，有机废弃物配比发酵处理以T1最优，T3、T2、T4次之，CK最差。因此，将有机废弃物配比发酵处理作为黄瓜育苗基质具有可行性。 |
| 中文关键词:有机废弃物 黄瓜 育苗基质 生长 |
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| Effects of Organic Waste Composting on Growth of Cucumber Seedlings |
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| Abstract:In order to promote the effective use of regional organic waste resources in some regions and improve the quality of seedling substrate,the effect of organic waste ratio fermentation on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings was studied.The different ratios for fermentation of cow dung with maize,wheat,rice,and reed as seedling substrates,five treatmentswereset,which included T1 (cow dung + maize straw fermentation substrate),T2 (maize dung + wheat straw fermentation substrate),T3 (maize manure + rice straw fermentation substrate),T4 (maize manure+ reed straw fermentation substrate),CK (selected “Zhuangmiao No.2” commercial seedling substrate).Thephysical and chemical properties of the seedling substrate under different treatments and its effect on cucumber seedling growth morphology and physiological indicators were analyzed,and the feasibility of organic waste ofthe ratio fermentation as a seedling substrate was explored.The ratio of organic waste fermentation treatment could increase the aeration porosity,water-holding porosity,and organic matter nutrient content of the seedling substrate,and couldreduce the pH value and electronic conductivity of the seedling substrate.According to the growth morphology index of cucumber seedlings,compared with CK,the plant height of cucumber seedlings increased by 11.19%-36.76%,the stem diameter increased by 22.79%-54.76%,the leaf area increased by 4.74%-40.09%.The abovegroundfresh mass of shoot increased by 6.95%-58.27%,the aboveground dry mass of shoot increased by 19.04%-104.76% and the strong seedling index increased by 16.66%-33.33%; the root and shoot increased by 26.31% compared with CK.According to the physiological indicators of cucumber,T1 treatment had the best physiological effect on cucumber seedlings.Compared with CK,the soluble sugar content increased by 28.16%,the root vitality increased by 90.97%,the soluble protein content increased by 66.44%,the chlorophyll a content increased by 20.58%,and the total chlorophyll content increased by 15.11%.Through the comprehensive evaluation of growth morphology and physiological indicators,under ratios of organic waste fermentation treatment,T1 was best,followed by T3,T2,and T4,and the CK was the worst.Therefore,it is feasible to use organic waste as a substrate for raising cucumber seedlings by fermentation. |
| keywords:Organic waste Cucumber Seedling substrate Growth |
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