不同施氮措施配合硝化抑制剂对滴灌棉田土壤NH3挥发和N2O排放的影响     点此下载全文 引用本文：廖 欢，王方斌，刘 凯，殷 星，侯振安.不同施氮措施配合硝化抑制剂对滴灌棉田土壤NH3挥发和N2O排放的影响[J].西北农业学报,2020,30(9):1378~1388 DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2020.09.011 摘要点击次数: 158 全文下载次数: 21 作者 单位 廖 欢，王方斌，刘 凯，殷 星，侯振安  （石河子大学 农学院/新疆建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆石河子 832000）  基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0800800，2017YFD0200100）。 中文摘要:为了研究不同施氮措施配合硝化抑制剂双氰胺（DCD）对滴灌棉田土壤NH3挥发和N2O排放的影响。通过田间试验，设置不施氮肥（N0）、农民习惯施肥（TN300）、农民习惯施肥+硝化抑制剂（TN300+DCD）、酸性液体肥+硝化抑制剂（LN300+DCD）和酸性液体肥减氮20%+硝化抑制剂（LN240+DCD）共5个处理。测定土壤NH3挥发、N2O排放以及棉花产量和氮肥利用率。结果表明：施用氮肥显著增加滴灌棉田土壤N2O排放，配施DCD可以降低N2O排放量。TN300+DCD、LN300+DCD和LN240+DCD处理N2O排放积累量较TN300分别降低12.78%、19.21%、31.55%。氮肥配施DCD显著增加NH3挥发，TN300+DCD和 LN300+DCD处理NH3累积挥发量较TN300分别增加24.79%和15.97%，氮肥气态净损失量较TN300处理增加1.12~1.61 kg/hm。与TN300+DCD相比，酸性液体肥配施DCD有利于降低氮肥的气态损失。配施DCD显著提高棉花产量和氮肥利用率， LN300+DCD处理棉花产量和氮肥利用率较TN300+DCD和 TN300分别增加9.28%、22.16%和8.10%、45.20%。综上所述，氮肥配施DCD显著减少N2O排放，提高棉花产量和氮肥利用率。虽然NH3挥发有所增加，但酸性液体肥可降低氮肥气态损失，以酸性液体肥减N 20%配施DCD效果最佳。 中文关键词:硝化抑制剂  氧化亚氮  氨挥发  棉花  氮肥利用率   Effects of Nitrogen Application Combined with Nitrification Inhibitors on NH3 Volatilization and N2O Emission in Drip-irrigated Cotton Field Abstract:The effect of different nitrogen application measures combined with nitrification inhibitor(dicyandiamide, DCD) on the volatilization of NH3 and N2O emission from soil was examined through a field experiments under drip irrigation condition. Five treatments were set,including no nitrogen application(N0), farmer traditional fertilization(TN300), farmer traditional fertilization + nitrification inhibitor(TN300 + DCD), acid liquid fertilizer + nitrification inhibitor(LN300 + DCD), acid liquid fertilizer reducing nitrogen 20%+nitrification inhibitor(LN240 + DCD). Soil NH3 volatilization, N2O emission, cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency were measured in this study. The results showed that:nitrogen application increased N2O emission under drip irrigation in cotton field. Nitrogen application combined with DCD, however, significantly decreased N2O emission. N2O accumulative emission under the TN300+DCD, LN300+DCD, and LN240+DCD treatments were 12.78%,19.21%, and 31.55% lower than that of TN300 treatment, respectively.Compared with the TN300, the NH3 volatilization accumulation for the TN300+DCD and LN300+DCD treatments increased by 24.79% and 15.97%, respectively.Net gas loss of nitrogen fertilizer of TN300+DCD and LN300+DCD treatments were 1.12-1.61 kg/hm higher than that of TN300 treatment. Compared with the TN300+DCD, net gas loss of nitrogen fertilizer was significantly reduced under the acid liquid fertilizer treatments, especially under the LN240+DCD treatment.Nitrogen fertilizer application combined with DCD significantly increased cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Compared with the TN300 treatment, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency under treatments of the TN300+DCD and LN300+DCD increased by 9.28%,22.16% and 8.10%, 45.20%, respectively. In conclusion, the combined application of nitrogen and DCD can significantly reduce N2O emission, increase cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Although the volatilization of NH3 increases,the acid liquid fertilizer can reduce the gas loss of nitrogen fertilizer, and acid liquid fertilizer reducing nitrogen 20% combined with DCD is the optimal fertilizer management in drip-irrigated cotton field. keywords:Nitration inhibitor  Nitrous oxide  Ammonia volatilization  Cotton  Nitrogen use efficiency 查看全文  查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器

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