| 渭北旱塬不同水肥优化模式对冬小麦产量及水氮利用效率的影响 |
| 点此下载全文 |
| 引用本文：贾 亮，翟丙年.渭北旱塬不同水肥优化模式对冬小麦产量及水氮利用效率的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,(12):1768~1775 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2017.12.005 |
| 摘要点击次数: 273 |
| 全文下载次数: 43 |
|
| 基金项目:西北农林科技大学“创新团队建设计划”（Z111021005）；国家支撑计划（2008BADA4B09）；山东省农业科技发展资金（鲁科字［2015］131号）。 |
|
| 中文摘要:水分不足和养分亏缺是限制渭北旱塬冬小麦生产的主要因素。采用大田试验方法，研究有限灌溉条件下不同施肥灌溉处理对渭北旱塬冬小麦产量及水氮利用效率的影响，旨在为渭北旱塬冬小麦高产及资源高效利用提供理论依据。结果表明，秸秆覆盖、增施有机肥与拔节期追氮补灌相结合的优化模式3与传统施氮灌溉及其他优化处理相比，小麦产量最高，达4 500 kg/hm，水分利用效率和氮素利用效率较传统施氮处理分别提高21.9%和13.7%。优化水氮管理中，增加秸秆覆盖，冬小麦产量无显著增加，但水氮利用效率有所提高；而配施有机肥能显著提高小麦产量和水氮利用效率。总体看，优化水氮处理与传统施氮灌溉管理相比，在高产稳产前提下，能大幅降低灌水量并提高水氮利用效率。因此，在渭北旱塬水资源紧缺的背景下，优化施氮补灌、秸秆覆盖及配施有机肥相结合的优化水氮栽培管理模式可以大幅提高小麦产量及水氮利用效率，值得大力推广。 |
| 中文关键词:冬小麦 产量 水氮利用效率 |
| |
| Effects of Different Optimized Water and Fertilizer Modes on Yield, Water-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat in Weibei Dry Plateau Area |
|
|
| Abstract:Water shortage and nutrient deficiency are the key factors that restrict winter wheat production in Weibei dry plateau area.Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different nitrogen application rates and water control patterns on grain yield, water, and nitrogen use efficiency and aimed to provide theoretical basis for cultivation measures of grains yield and resource use efficiency of winter wheat in Weibei dry Plateau Areas.The results showed that, compared with the conventional fertilizer application mode, under the condition of high and stable yield, the optimized mode treatments decreased the irrigation and improved the water and nitrogen use efficiency. The maximum yield in optimized modes of straw mulch manure application and topdressing nitrogen in jointing treatment was 4 500 kg/hm,and significantly higher than other optimized modes treatments, and significantly higher than those of other optimized modes.The conventional fertilizer mode compared with the conventional fertigation mode,the water and nitrogen use efficiency in the optimized mode of straw mulching and manure application treatment increased by 21.9% and 13.7%, respectively. Among all the optimized modes treatments, there was no obvious increase on the yield of winter wheat in the straw mulch treatment, however, the water and nitrogen use efficiency was opposite. Otherwise, manure application could significantly improve wheat yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency. Above all, under the condition of water deficit in Weibei dryland Plateau, the optimized modes had prominent positive effects on yield of winter wheat and water and nitrogen use efficiency, and it was worth of extending to large area. |
| keywords:Winter wheat Yield Water and nitrogen use efficiency |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
