| 基于土壤酶的酚酸类化感物质效应研究 |
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| 引用本文：和文祥，李天伦，田霄鸿，耿增超.基于土壤酶的酚酸类化感物质效应研究[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(6):147~154 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2015.06.024 |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划（2012BAD14B11）；林业公益性行业科研专项（201304207）；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费科研创新重点项目（ZD2013012）。 |
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| 中文摘要:旨在准确评价化感物质环境效应，为科学决策秸秆还田措施提供依据。采用室内模拟方法，较为系统地研究3种典型化感物质（阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸、香豆素）对催化土壤碳、氮、磷、硫物质循环及微生物活性的6种土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明，有机质质量分数高的土壤酶活性较高；不同土壤酶对化感物质的响应不同，其中，转化酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、FDA水解酶活性随化感物质质量分数增加呈波动性变化，且多数处理间差异不显著，表明在供试质量分数范围内，3种化感物质对上述4种酶类的急性毒性效应未表现出规律性响应；化感物质抑制土壤脱氢酶活性，采用U=A+B×C和U=A/(1+B×C)模型可较好拟合二者关系，除加入香豆素的2号土样外，其他处理间均呈极显著负相关，表明土壤脱氢酶对化感物质表现为敏感的抑制作用；阿魏酸则显著激活土壤芳基硫酸酯酶活性，二者呈极显著正相关，表明芳基硫酸酯酶对阿魏酸较敏感；根据值最小最敏感的原则得出供试土壤化感物质临界值为24.63 mg·kg-1。阿魏酸可激活土壤总体酶活性，对羟基苯甲酸表现为抑制，而香豆素则呈波动性变化。土壤脱氢酶是对化感物质较为敏感的土壤酶类，其他酶类的变化受化感物质类型、质量分数及土壤性质的影响，具体有待深入探讨。 |
| 中文关键词:化感物质 土壤酶 脱氢酶 生态剂量 |
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| Effect of Phenol Allelochemicals on Soil Enzyme Activity |
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| Abstract:In order to accurately assess the allelochemical toxicity on soil environment, and give policy support to straw returning soil. By indoor simulation, we analyzed the six enzyme activities in the soil,which catalyzed soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphate and sulfur cycle and microorganism activity after three allelochemicals (Ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and coumarin) added into soil samples. The results showed that soil enzyme activity was more in higher organic matter soil. There were remarkably differences on soil enzyme activity among the three kinds of allelochemicals, soil invertase, urease, phosphatase and FDA hydrolase changed fluctuation after adding allelochemicals, and most of treatments had not reached significant levels among different concentrations, it revealed that these four enzyme activities had not regular respond with allelochemical. Excepted of No. 2 sample treated by coumarin, soil dehydrogenase (DHA) was strongly inhibited by allelochemicals, two models U=A+B×C and U=A/(1+B×C) could be better to describe relationship between DHA activity (U) and allelochemicals concentrations (C),the equations reached remarkably significant correlation, showed soil DHA is the most sensitive to allelochemicals and their reaction mechanism was total inhibition. Furulic acid remarkably activated soil arylsulfatase, suggested soil arylsufatase is more sensitive to furulic acid, the ecological dose was ED10 24.63 mg·kg-1. Total enzyme activity indexes (TEI) were activivated by furluic acid, inhibited by p-hydroxybenzoic acid and changed less by coumarin. The soil DHA activity could be an index of soil affected by allelochemicals, and its relationship between other soil enzyme activities and allelochemicals was influenced by factors such as allelochemicals kinds, concentrations and soil properties and need to study further. |
| keywords:Allelochemicals Soil enzyme Soil DHA Reaction mechanism Ecological dose |
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