| 郝威名,李浩晶,李雨阳,赵喜辉,曹静,徐国伟.外源油菜素内酯与不同水分处理对水稻生长生理、产量及氮素利用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(1):54~64 |
| 外源油菜素内酯与不同水分处理对水稻生长生理、产量及氮素利用的影响 |
| Effects of exogenous brassinolide and different water treatments on growth physiology, yield, and nitrogen use of rice |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.01.06 |
| 中文关键词: 油菜素内酯（BR） 水分处理 水稻 根系形态生理 地上部生长 氮素利用 |
| 英文关键词:brassinosteroids (BR) water treatment rice root morphology and physiology above\|ground growth nitrogen utilization |
| 基金项目:河南省自然科学基金（212300410341）；河南省国际合作项目（GH 2019024）；河南科技大学博士科研启动基金（13480108） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 于2022年以‘徐稻3号’为材料，设置生育期正常灌溉（土壤水势为0 kPa）、中度水分胁迫（土壤水势为-30 kPa）两种水分处理及4种不同浓度（0、0.1、1.0、5.0 μmol·L-1）油菜素内酯（BR）喷施处理，研究不同水分处理以及油菜素内酯耦合对根系生长、根系氮代谢酶活性、地上部生长以及氮素利用的影响。结果表明：与生育期正常灌溉相比，中度水分胁迫显著降低了水稻总根长、根表面积、根体积、根系活跃吸收面积、总吸收面积、地上部干质量、株高、分蘖数及净光合速率，降幅分别为21.8%、20.6%、12.9%、13.9%、13.4%、26.3%、13.8%、17.7%与13.1%；显著增加了抽穗期根平均直径、根系活力及根冠比，平均增幅分别为8.0%、28.6%与26.6%。随着外源油菜素内酯浓度的增加，水稻总根长、根表面积、根平均直径、根体积、根系活跃吸收面积、根系总吸收面积、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、地上部干质量、株高、分蘖数、净光合速率及叶绿素含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势，在0.1 μmol·L-1浓度(B1)处理下达到最大值。主要生育时期水稻总根长、根表面积、根体积、根系总吸收面积、根系活跃吸收面积、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、地上部干质量、株高、分蘖数、净光合速率、叶绿素含量与产量及氮肥农学利用率均呈显著或极显著正相关关系。综上，生育期正常灌溉配合喷施0.1 μmol·L-1油菜素内酯（BR）有利于水稻产量的提高，为本研究条件下最佳的水分与油菜素内酯耦合运筹模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In 2022, with ‘Xudao 3’ as the material, two water treatments of normal irrigation(soil water potential was 0 kPa), moderate water stress (soil water potential was -30 kPa) and four different concentrations of exogenous brassinolide (BR, 0, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0 μmol·L-1) were set up during the growth period. The effects of different water treatments and brassinolide coupling on root growth, root nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity, aboveground growth and nitrogen utilization were studied. Compared with normal irrigation during the whole growth stage, moderate water stress significantly reduced root total length, root surface area, root volume, active root total absorption area, total root absorption area, shoot dry mass, plant height, tiller numbers and net photosynthetic rate of rice by 21.8%, 20.6%, 12.9%, 13.9%, 13.4%, 26.3%, 13.8%, 17.7% and 13.1%, respectively. The average diameter of root, root activity and root\|shoot ratio were increased by 8.0%, 28.6% and 26.6% respectively.With the increase of exogenous brassinolide concentration, root total length, root surface area, root average diameter, root volume, root active absorption area, root total absorption area, nitrate reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, shoot dry mass, plant height, tiller numbers, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The maximum value was reached under 0.1 μmol·L-1(B1) treatment. Root total length, root surface area, root volume, root total absorption area, root active absorption area, glutamine synthetase activity, shoot dry mass, plant height, tiller numbers, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were significantly positively correlated with yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization. In conclusion, the interaction of normal irrigation and B1 treatment during the growth period was conducive to the increase of yield, which was the best coupled operation mode of water treatment and brassinolide in this experiment. |
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