目的 研究菠萝Ananas comosus叶的化学成分及生物活性。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化, 根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构, 并对各化合物进行抗菌活性、卤虫致死活性测定。结果 从菠萝叶95%乙醇提取物中分离纯化得到8个化合物, 分别鉴定为tricin-4'-O-[10"-O-(8"-hydroxyl) feruloyl-(9"'-O-p-coumaroyl) glyceryl] ether(1)、2,4-二氯苯甲酸(2)、小麦黄素(3)、金圣草黄素(4)、1-O-对羟基肉桂酰单甘油酯(5)、1-O-阿魏酰单甘油酯(6)、1-O-阿魏酸-3-O-对羟基肉桂酰甘油酯(7)、1,3-二氧阿魏酰甘油酯(8)。化合物1对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌表现出与阳性对照环丙沙星相当的抑制活性, 最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均达到0.156 μg/mL。卤虫致死活性结果显示, 化合物1和4的IC₅₀值分别为21.4、25.0 μg/mL。结论 除化合物5外, 其余化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到, 其中化合物1为新化合物, 命名为菠萝叶酯A, 且有良好的抑菌活性和卤虫致死活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents from the leaves of Ananas comosus and their biological activities. Methods The chemical constituents from the air-dried leaves of A. comosus were isolated and purified by the chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 columns as well as recrystallization. Their structures were identified on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectroscopic data analyses, and the antibacterial activity and artemia lethal activity of the compounds were determined. Results Eight compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract in the leaves of A. comosus and identified as tricin-4'-O-[10"-O-(8"-hydroxyl) feruloyl-(9"'-O-p-coumaroyl) glyceryl] ether (1), 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid (2), tricin (3), chrysoeriol (4), 1-O-p-coumaroylglycerol (5), 1-O-feruloylglycerol (6), 1-O-feruloyl-3-O-p-coumaroyl-glycerol (7), and 1,3-O-diferuloylglycerol (8). Compound 1 exhibited as well inhibitory activities as positive control Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 0.156 μg/mL. The results of artemia lethal activity showed that the IC₅₀ of the compounds 1 and 4 were 21.4 and 25.0 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion All the compounds except 5 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Among them, compound 1 is a new one and named ananasin A, which has the good antibacterial and artemia lethal activity.

海南省重点科技项目(ZDXM20130020);海南省自然科学基金资助项目(214028);海南省大学生科技创新项目(2013116580;cxcyxj2014015)