Aiming at the problems of high potato damage rate and low impurity removal during the impurity removal process of the potato receiving hopper impurity removal device, the kinetic analysis of the potato impurity removal process and the condition analysis of the separation of the potato from the soil are combined with the rotation friction of the impurity removal roller. The principle of impurity, determines the main factors affecting the quality of potato impurity removal and the experimental value range of each factor. Taking potato damage rate and impurity removal rate as the evaluation index, and taking the distance of the impurity removal roller, the inclination angle of the device and the speed of the impurity removal roller as the experimental factors, the second rotation orthogonal regression test was carried out, and the regression mathematical model between each factor and the test index was established. Analyzing the influence of various factors on the evaluation index and optimizing the parameters, the results show that when the distance between the impurity removal roller is 125mm, the device inclination angle is 10°, and the speed of the impurity removal roller is 112r/min, the potato damage rate is 0.65%, the impurity removal rate is 96.03%, Compared with the hopper machine without parameter optimization, the potato damage rate is reduced by 0.12 percentage points, and the impurity removal rate is increased by 0.63 percentage points, which can better meet the requirements of potato storage operations.