Against the backdrop of frequent urban flood disasters and prominent traffic problems caused by waterlogging, this paper summarizes the research results at home and abroad on the impact assessment of urban waterlogging on road traffic. This paper analyzes the principles of urban waterlogging simulation and the characteristics of commonly used urban rainwater flood models, summarizes the methods for evaluating the impact of urban waterlogging on road traffic, discusses the construction and application of micro traffic simulation models, and proposes the direction for optimizing the impact assessment of urban waterlogging on road traffic. It is pointed out that in the absence of existing software and limited conditions, integrating urban rainwater flood models and microscopic traffic simulation models based on the relationship between waterlogging depth and driving speed is an effective method for analyzing traffic problems under waterlogging. The impact of urban waterlogging on road traffic is very significant, usually reflected in three aspects:road (loss, performance, and structure), transportation vehicles (driving speed and safety), and drivers (psychological and physiological changes), as well as the comprehensive impact of road transportation vehicles drivers.