石蒜年生长周期内NSC及其代谢酶活性变化

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201008

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 106-114.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201008

石蒜年生长周期内NSC及其代谢酶活性变化

魏绪英¹(), 张瑶², 马美霞², 姜雪茹², 陈慧婷², 吴靖², 杨玉², 蔡军火²^,^*()

1.江西财经大学艺术学院,江西南昌 330032
2.江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌 330045

收稿日期:2022-01-07 修回日期:2022-07-04 出版日期:2024-01-30 发布日期:2024-01-24
通讯作者: 蔡军火
基金资助:
江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(YS21106);国家自然科学基金项目(31960327);国家自然科学基金项目(32360420);江西省自然科学基金项目(20202BABL205004)

Changes of non-structured carbohydrate and starch metabolizing enzyme in bulbs of Lycoris radiata within the annual growth cycle

WEI Xuying¹(), ZHANG Yao², MA Meixia², JIANG Xueru², CHEN Huiting², WU Jing², YANG Yu², CAI Junhuo²^,^*()

1. College of Art, Jiangxi Finance and Economics University, Nanchang 330032, China
2. College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received:2022-01-07 Revised:2022-07-04 Online:2024-01-30 Published:2024-01-24
Contact: CAI Junhuo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】掌握石蒜独特的生长节律与非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)及其相关代谢酶活性变化的内在联系,为进一步阐述石蒜特殊的开花习性与叶片夏季休眠的内在生理机制提供参考。【方法】以4年生红花石蒜(Lycoris radiata)鳞茎为材料,采用分光光度法和微量法分别在展叶期、叶旺长期、叶成熟期、叶枯黄期、休眠期、开花期等6个阶段,测定了鳞茎内6种NSC含量和9种淀粉代谢相关酶的活性。【结果】① 不同发育期鳞茎内的NSC含量差异显著。其中,NSC总含量及可溶性糖、果糖、还原糖的含量均以叶成熟期(LMa)最高,而淀粉和蔗糖的含量则以叶枯黄期(LWi)最高;淀粉积累的峰值要滞后于可溶性糖。② 不同发育时期石蒜鳞茎内的9种代谢酶活性均有极显著差异(P<0.01)。在同一时期,腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶(AGP)酶活性显著高于其他8种酶,β-淀粉酶(β-AL)、淀粉分支酶(SBE)活性也分别始终高于α-淀粉酶(α-AL)和淀粉脱分支酶(DBE);可溶性淀粉合成酶(SSS)、蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)活性总体分别高于结合态淀粉合成酶(GBSS)、蔗糖合成酶(SuS),这与不同时期鳞茎内的果糖含量均显著高于蔗糖含量相呼应。③ 蔗糖和淀粉含量均与SBE活性显著负相关,与GBSS活性极显著正相关,而果糖和麦芽糖相反(与SBE活性正相关,而与GBSS活性极显著负相关)。另外,蔗糖含量还与β-AL活性也负相关。【结论】鳞茎内NSC的含量变化与叶片生长的旺盛状态呈正相关。其中,鳞茎内的淀粉积累,主要受AGP、SPS(正向)和SSS、SBE、DBE(反向)的双向调控;鳞茎内的蔗糖积累主要来源是淀粉的水解,而非光合器官的转运而来。另外,在年生长周期内,鳞茎内的果糖含量均显著高于蔗糖,可能与石蒜的独特生物学特性有关。

关键词: 石蒜, 生长发育, 休眠, 鳞茎生理, 非结构性碳水化合物, 糖代谢

Abstract:

【Objective】The study investigated inherent relationship between the unique growth rhythm of Lycoris spp. and changes in non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and related metabolic enzyme activities. The aim was to provide a research basis for studies of the intrinsic physiological mechanism of L. spp. unique flowering habits and summer leaf dormancy.【Method】In 4-year-old clonal bulbs of L. radiata, the contents of six NSC and nine starch metabolism activities were determined by spectrophotometric and micrometric methods at six growth stages, including leafing-out period, rapid leaf extension period, leaf maturity period, leaf withering period, dormancy period and flowering period.【Result】The NSC content in bulbs at different developmental stages was significantly different. Total NSC, soluble sugar, fructose, and reductive sugar content were the highest in the leaf maturity period. Starch and sucrose contents were the highest in the leaf withering period. The peak starch accumulation lagged behind that of soluble sugars. Significant differences were evident in the activities of nine metabolic enzymes in bulbs at different developmental stages (P < 0.01). During the same period, the activity of ADP-glucose pyrophorylase (AGP) was significantly higher than those of the other eight enzymes. The activities of β-amylase (β-AL) and starch branching enzyme (SBE) were always higher than α-amylase (α-AL) and starch debranching enzyme(DBE), and the activities of soluble starch synthase (SSS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) were respectively higher than that of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) and sucrose synthase (SuS), which corresponded with the significantly higher fructose content in bulbs in different periods. Sucrose and starch contents were negatively correlated with SBE activity and positively correlated with GBSS activity. The opposite correlations were observed for fructose and maltose. In addition, sucrose content was also negatively correlated with the activity of β-AL.【Conclusion】The change of NSC content in bulbs was positively correlated with the vigorous state of leaf growth. Starch accumulation in bulbs was mainly positively regulated by AGP and SPS and negatively regulated by SSS, SBE and DBE. The accumulation of sucrose in bulbs is mainly from amylolysis, rather than translocation of photosynthetic organs. In addition, the fructose content of bulbs was significantly higher than the sucrose content during the annual growth cycle, which may be related to the unique biological characteristics of L. radiata.

Key words: Lycoris radiata, growth and development, dormancy, bulb physiology, non-structural curbohydrates (NSC), sugar metabolism

中图分类号:

S682.29

魏绪英,张瑶,马美霞,等. 石蒜年生长周期内NSC及其代谢酶活性变化[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 106-114.

WEI Xuying, ZHANG Yao, MA Meixia, JIANG Xueru, CHEN Huiting, WU Jing, YANG Yu, CAI Junhuo. Changes of non-structured carbohydrate and starch metabolizing enzyme in bulbs of Lycoris radiata within the annual growth cycle[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(1): 106-114.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201008.

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类目 item	淀粉 starch	可溶性糖 soluble sugar	蔗糖 sucrose	果糖 fructose	葡萄糖 glucose	麦芽糖 maltose	α-AL 活性	β-AL 活性	AGP	SSS	GBSS	SuS	SPS	SBE	DBE
淀粉 starch	1
可溶性糖 soluble sugar	0.16	1
蔗糖 sucrose	0.61^**	-0.08	1
果糖 fructose	-0.29	0.22	-0.65^**	1
葡萄糖 glucose	0.24	0.41	-0.27	0.77^**	1
麦芽糖 maltose	-0.58^*	0.21	-0.83^**	0.84^**	0.49^*	1
α-AL alpha enzyme	-0.20	-0.11	-0.33	-0.24	-0.32	0.04	1
β-AL beta enzyme	-0.40	0.11	-0.63^**	0.17	-0.00	0.47^*	0.81^**	1
AGP	0.63^**	0.09	-0.52^*	-0.02	0.39	-0.38	-0.69^**	-0.82^**	1
SSS	-0.59^*	-0.28	-0.42	-0.25	-0.64^**	0.12	0.69^**	0.68^**	-0.85^**	1
GBSS	0.39	-0.31	0.80^**	-0.87^**	-0.70^**	-0.92^**	-0.05	-0.49^*	0.21	0.02	1
SuS	0.08	-0.21	0.32	-0.84^**	-0.84^**	-0.60^**	0.61^**	0.21	-0.43	0.58^*	0.71^**	1
SPS	0.56^*	0.33	0.23	0.42	0.78^**	0.03	-0.65^**	-0.55^*	0.82^**	-0.92^**	-0.22	-0.72^**	1
SBE	-0.87^**	-0.24	-0.63^**	0.35	-0.22	0.66^**	-0.01	0.31	-0.60^**	0.56^*	-0.41	-0.15	-0.47^*	1
DBE	-0.68^**	0.19	-0.62	0.48^*	0.10	0.66^**	0.09	0.20	-0.20	0.27	-0.56^*	-0.33	-0.13	0.63^**	1

石蒜年生长周期内NSC及其代谢酶活性变化

Changes of non-structured carbohydrate and starch metabolizing enzyme in bulbs of Lycoris radiata within the annual growth cycle

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