中国全科医学 ›› 2019, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (25): 3116-3120.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.498

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

1992—2013年北京市急性乙型肝炎疫苗接种的成本效益分析

王溪1,袁淑婷2,白倩1,吴疆3,石学峰1*   

  1. 1.100029北京市,北京中医药大学管理学院 2.100191北京市,北京大学人民医院财务处 3.100013北京市,北京市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防所
    *通信作者:石学峰,副教授,硕士生导师;E-mail:shixuefeng981206@163.com
  • 出版日期:2019-09-05 发布日期:2019-09-05
  • 基金资助:
    北京市科技计划课题(D161100002716005)

Cost-benefit Analysis of Emergency Hepatitis B Vaccination in Beijing from 1992 to 2013 

WANG Xi1,YUAN Shuting2,BAI Qian1,WU Jiang3,SHI Xuefeng1*   

  1. 1.School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China
    2.Department of Financial Affairs,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100191,China
    3.Institute of Immunization and Prevention,Beijing Center of Diseases Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China
    *Corresponding author:SHI Xuefeng,Associate professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:shixuefeng981206@163.com
  • Published:2019-09-05 Online:2019-09-05

摘要: 背景 成本效益分析是进行卫生经济学评价的有效手段,当前对北京市急性乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种进行市级成本效益分析的研究较少。北京市进行乙肝计划免疫以来投入了巨大的成本,通过对数据进行分析,可以得出较为准确的成本效益情况。目的 对1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疫苗接种的效益产出进行测算,分析其成本效益。方法 自2016年1月开始,运用上下法和分步模型法对1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疾病费用和规划免疫成本进行测算,以此为基础进行效益数据的测算,相关数据主要来源于文献检索和现有工作记录。结果 1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疾病的合计总费用为12 239.86万元,单年总费用最高值出现在2007年(1 429.50万元),是最低值1994年(43.34万元)的32.98倍。北京市乙肝规划免疫总成本在1992—1996年略有降低(由542.14万元降至378.65万元),之后缓慢升高(2010年上升为705.32万元),2011—2013年增幅明显(2013年上升为1 327.20万元)。1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝防治工作合计产生效益6 975 113.80元,整体呈上升趋势,年平均效益为317 050.63元,平均增长率为8.08%。北京市乙肝免疫规划在1992、1993—2006、2007—2013年3个阶段的增量效益成本比分别为0.02、-0.21、0.07。结论 北京市乙肝免疫措施在整体上取得了较好的效果,有效减少了患者的急性乙肝疾病负担。

关键词: 乙型肝炎, 乙型肝炎疫苗, 费用效益分析, 成本及成本分析, 卫生保健费用

Abstract: Background Cost-benefit analysis is an effective means for health economic evaluation.There are few studies on cost-benefit analysis of emergency hepatitis B vaccination in Beijing on municipal level.Since the implementation of the hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing,huge costs have been invested.By analyzing the related data,costs and benefits of the implementation of the program may be assessed relatively accurately.Objective To perform a cost-benefit analysis of the implementation of emergency hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing from 1992 to 2013.Methods From January 2016,we collected the data of the implementation of emergency hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing from 1992 to 2013 by searching relevant literature and
querying existing work records,and used up-and-down method and step-by-step modeling to estimate costs and benefits of the implementation during this period.Results During 1992 to 2013,the total costs of acute hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection were 122.398 6 million yuan.In 2017,the annual cost of this disease was highest(14.295 0 million yuan),which is 32.98 times higher than the lowest appeared in 1994(0.433 4 million yuan).The planned total costs of hepatitis B immunization program showed a slight decrease trend during 1992 to 1996(from 5.421 4 million yuan to 3.786 5 million yuan),then grew gradually(it rose to 7.053 2 million yuan in 2010),and showed a sharp increase between 2011 and 2013(it rose to 13.272 0 million yuan in 2013).From 1992 to 2013,the total benefits of preventing and treating of acute HBV infection in Beijing were 6 975 113.80 yuan,showing an overall upward trend,with an average annual benefit of 317 050.63 yuan,and an average annual growth rate of 8.08%.The incremental cost-benefit ratios for the hepatitis B immunization program implemented in 1992,1993—2006,and 2007—2013 were 0.02,-0.21,and 0.07,respectively.Conclusion The implementation of hepatitis B immunization program in Beijing has achieved good results in general,effectively reducing the economic burden of patients with acute HBV infection.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B vaccines, Cost-benefit analysis, Costs and cost analysis, Health care costs