关键词: 糖尿病, 流行病学研究, 空腹血糖受损, 患病率, 危险因素

Abstract: Background　Epidemiological studies show that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults in China is rising，coupled with the large population base and the increasing aging trend, it is expected that diabetes will cause a heavy disease burden in the future.Age≥ 40 years is one of the high risk factors for adult diabetes.It is necessary to pay attention to the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting blood glucose among high-risk groups and their influencing factors.Thus targeted prevention and control of diabetes mellitus can be carried out.Objective　To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose （IFG） among residents aged 40-79 years in Beijing.Methods　A total of 19 815 residents aged 40 to 79 years with an accumulated period of residence of more than 6 months in Beijing as of the survey time in 2014 were selected from 180 communities of 36 towns or streets in 16 districts of Beijing by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling.They participated in a centralized survey or household survey conducted by our research team，during which，all of them completed a self-administered questionnaire（consisting of basic demographic characteristics，behavioral factors，history of personal diseases），performed physical examination（including height，weight and blood pressure） and laboratory examination﹝including fasting plasma glucose（FPG），total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in peripheral blood﹞．Risk factors of diabetes and IFG were analyzed using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results　A total of 11 889 residents aged 40-79 were included in the final analysis.Diabetes prevalence was 12.11%.The prevalence of diabetes increased with age （χ2trend=317.38，P<0.01），and gender-specific prevalence increased with age （male： χ2trend=78.05，P<0.01；female： χ2trend=292.86，P<0.01）．The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes was 13.56%.Males had a higher age-standardized prevalence of diabetes than females（P<0.01）．The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes in urban residents was higher than that in suburban residents（P<0.01）．Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age，sex，location，drinking，BMI，hypertension and dyslipidemia were the influencing factors of diabetes mellitus（P<0.05）．The prevalence of IFG was 5.22%.The prevalence of IFG increased with age （χ2trend=75.84，P<0.01），and gender-specific IFG prevalence increased with age（male：χ2trend=16.53，P<0.01；female：χ2trend=70.18，P<0.01）．The age-standardized prevalence of IFG was 5.82%.Males showed higher age-standardized prevalence of IFG than females（P<0.01）．There was no significant difference in age-standardized prevalence of IFG between urban and suburban residents（χ2=2.17，P=0.14）．Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age，sex，education level，drinking，BMI，hypertension and dyslipidemia were the influencing factors of IFG（P<0.05）．Conclusion　The prevalence of diabetes among Beijing residents aged 40-79 years increases with age.Males and living in urban areas are associated with higher prevalence.The prevalence of IFG also increases with age，but shows insignificant difference between urban and suburban residents.Elder age，male，overweight and obesity，hypertension and dyslipidemia are independent risk factors of diabetes and IFG.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiologic studies, Impaired fasting glucose, Prevalence, Risk factors