The Antarctic Marine Protection Area (AMPA) has always been a global benchmark in the field of High Sea’s protection. It is committed to maintain the ecological health of the Southern Ocean through the implementation of the Marine Protection Areas (MPAs) proposals and the promotion of related work. However, due to the dynamic nature of the marine environment and the time lag of the protection effect, the actual effect and promotion status of marine reserves, which have been widely applied and planned in Antarctica, are still difficult to be quantified in the context of the lack of long-term monitoring data and a complete evaluation system. In this paper, the international research status on AMPAs issues in recent years was integrated and explored. Based on open access and published reports and data from the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), the game between science and policy in the process of advancing AMPAs issues was analyzed and presented from multiple perspectives, such as the planning efficiency, scientific basis, the demand for MPA in the planned area, the monitoring and evaluation of the protected areas, the consideration of the rational utilization of marine living resources and the management particularity of Antarctic resource governance issues. The results show that, although the Antarctic ocean protection is unmatched in the field of international waters protection, the results of longitudinal comparison indicate the development is still in its infancy, the difficulties, such as the slow process of planning, insufficient scientific evidence, difficult coordination of the interests between countries, weak mechanism of research and monitoring, controversial protection requirement and effects, needs to be overcome. It is suggested that future work should focus on the linkage between scientific data and marine governance policies, and the improvement of research and monitoring plans, so as to meet the diverse demands of different agents, to explore efficient and scientific management strategies and resource regulation modes.