CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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冲击作用下CL-20含能共晶的反应分子动力学模拟
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北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081

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国家自然科学基金(11832006)


Reaction Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CL-20 Energetic Co-crystal under Shock
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State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

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    摘要:

    共晶技术是降低六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)感度的有效方法之一,研究冲击作用下CL-20共晶的化学反应,有助于理解CL-20共晶的冲击反应机制,对炸药安全评价分析具有重要意义。本研究采用ReaxFF-lg反应力场的分子动力学方法,同时结合非平衡加载方法,对CL-20/2,5-二硝基甲苯(DNT)、CL-20/1,3-二硝基苯(DNB)和CL-20/1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(MDNT)三种共晶在2~5 km·s-1冲击速度下的冲击压缩过程进行了分子动力学模拟,获得了含能共晶在冲击作用后的热力学演化特征、初始化学反应路径和产物信息,并与CL-20的情况进行了对比分析。研究发现:CL-20/DNT、CL-20/DNB和CL-20/MDNT 3种共晶都有一定程度的降低冲击感度作用,3种共晶的冲击感度顺序依次为CL-20/MDNT>CL-20/DNB>CL-20/DNT。3种共晶的分解反应均是从CL-20分解开始,且CL-20的分解速度比DNT、DNB和MDNT快。在2 km·s-1冲击速度下,CL-20共晶首先发生聚合反应,CL-20与共晶配体分子间的聚合反应早于CL-20分子间的聚合,且反应频次远高于CL-20分子之间聚合。在3 km·s-1的冲击条件下,CL-20首先发生了N—N以及C—N键断裂,笼型结构被破坏,同时生成NO2,CL-20初步断键后的结构及产物NO2会进一步与共晶配体分子DNT、DNB、MDNT结合,降低CL-20反应中间产物的浓度,达到降感作用。在4,5 km·s-1冲击条件下,CL-20中的环状骨架结构会直接遭到破坏,发生C—N键断裂,产生小分子碎片,直接生成N2,同时有NO2、H2、CO2、H2O等产物生成。

    Abstract:

    Co-crystal technology is one of the effective methods to reduce the sensitivity of CL-20. Studying the chemical reaction of CL-20 co-crystal under shock is helpful to understand the shock reaction mechanism of CL-20 co-crystal, which is of great significance to the safety evaluation and analysis of explosives. In this study, the molecular dynamics method of ReaxFF-lg reaction force field and the non-equilibrium loading method were used to simulate the shock compression process of CL-20/DNT, CL-20/DNB and CL-20/MDNT co-crystals at 2-5 km·s-1 shock velocity. The thermodynamic evolution characteristics, initial chemical reaction path and product information of energetic co-crystals after shock are obtained and compared with those of CL-20. It’s discovered that the three co-crystals of CL-20/DNT, CL-20/DNB and CL-20/MDNT have a certain degree of shock sensitivity reduction, and the order of shock sensitivity of the three co-crystals is CL-20/MDNT>CL-20/DNB>CL-20/DNT. The decomposition reaction of the three co-crystals all starts from the decomposition of CL-20, and the decomposition rate of CL-20 is faster than that of DNT, DNB and MDNT. At the shock velocity of 2 km·s-1, the polymerization reaction of CL-20 co-crystal occurs first. The polymerization reaction between CL-20 and co-crystal ligand molecules is earlier than that between CL-20 molecules, and the reaction frequency is much higher than that between CL-20 molecules. At the shock velocity of 3 km·s-1, the N─N and C─N bonds of CL-20 are first broken, and the cage structure is destroyed. At the same time, NO2 is generated. NO2 generated by the initial bond breaking of CL-20 further combines with the eutectic ligand molecules DNT, DNB and MDNT to reduce the concentration of the intermediate products of CL-20 reaction, so as to achieve the desensitization effect. At the shock velocity of 4 or 5 km·s-1, the ring skeleton structure in CL-20 is directly destroyed, the C-N bond is broken, generating small molecular fragments, including N2, NO2, H2, CO2, H2O and other products.

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引用本文

伍俊英,方汇璇,尚伊平,等.冲击作用下CL-20含能共晶的反应分子动力学模拟[J].含能材料, 2024, 32(1):49-64. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2023159.
WU Jun-ying, FANG Hui-xuan, SHANG Yi-ping, et al. Reaction Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CL-20 Energetic Co-crystal under Shock[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2024, 32(1):49-64. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2023159.

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历史
  • 收稿日期: 2023-08-07
  • 最后修改日期: 2023-11-20
  • 录用日期: 2023-11-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-11-06
  • 出版日期: 2024-01-25