Nitrogen fertilization plays an important role in crop yield.However，excessive nitrogen fertilization not only negatively affects crop yield and quality，but also has a detrimental impact on the environment.Instead，appropriate reductions in nitrogen fertilization can guarantee crop yields，improve fertilizer use efficiency，and reduce the harm to the environment，therefore achieving a sustainable form of highyield and highefficiency agriculture.This paper reviewed the latest research on nitrogen fertilizer reduction technology along with its effects on crop yield and the ecological environment，and proposed the issues and prospects surrounding this process，so as to provide comprehensive insights into nitrogen fertilization reduction while maintaining high yield and environmental friendliness.