By comparing conventional open field cultivation with rain-shelter cultivation，the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on the growth，yield，quality，diseases and insect pests of pepper in summer cultivation of processed pepper were explored in Sichuan Basin.At the same time，in order to explore the relatively efficient and ecological fertilization scheme of processed pepper in Sichuan Basin under the condition of rain-shelter cultivation，the effects of different nutrient ratios and total fertilizer application of N，P2O5，K2O，as well as whether the microbial agent was added to the base fertilizer on the growth and development，yield and quality of pepper were further studied.The results showed that:(1) compared with the conventional open field cultivation，the plant height，stem diameter，plant width，average fruit weight，yield，harvest time，fruit quality and disease incidence of pepper showed absolute superiority even if the total fertilizer amount of rain-shelter cultivation was reduced by 30%.(2) In the water and fertilizer integration technology for rain-shelter cultivation of processed pepper in Sichuan Basin，the highest yield of pepper was achieved when the total fertilizer amount of N，P2O5 and K2O was 653.25 kg/hm²，among which the N amount was 261.75 kg/hm².When 2250 kg/hm² microbial agent was added to base fertilizer and the total fertilizer amount decreased by 20% compared with the conventional fertilizer amount(that is，the total fertilizer amount of N，P2O5 and K2O was 521.4 kg/hm²，of which the N amount was 189.75 kg/hm²)，the fruit yield decreased slightly compared with the conventional fertilizer application，but the difference was not significant.Moreover，the key quality indexes of processed pepper such as capsaicin and color value were improved，achieving both ecological friendliness and quality of processed pepper fruit.