不同施肥措施对勐海大叶茶产量与品质的影响
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(1.云南农业大学,云南 昆明 650201;2.云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,云南 昆明 650201)

作者简介:

王凯(1995-),男,山西长治人,硕士研究生,从事土壤培肥与污染修复研究。E-mail:1535597053@qq.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201208-2)。


Effects of different fertilization measures on Menghai Daye tea yield and quality
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(1.Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;2.Yunnan Province Soil Fertilization and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

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    摘要:

    为探究不同施肥措施对勐海大叶茶产量与品质的影响,减轻茶园由于长期不合理施肥带来的茶叶品质下降、土壤酸化和面源污染等环境问题,选择勐海县代表性的茶园进行了为期两年的田间小区试验,设置4个不同施肥处理,研究了不同施肥措施对大叶茶产量和品质的影响。结果表明:4种不同施肥处理对茶叶产量和品质指标的影响具有滞后性,均表现为第一年各处理差异不显著,但第二年开始出现差异;与常规施肥相比,施用茶树专用肥大叶茶3月份春茶每公顷增产31.36 kg,产量提高了16.27%,有机肥替代部分化肥次之;品质方面有机肥替代化肥对茶叶中氨基酸、茶多酚、咖啡碱效果最好,与常规施肥相比分别提高了36.41%、14.34%、28.00%,施用茶树专用肥对茶叶中水浸出物含量提升效果最好,提高了10.22%。在常规施肥中减少氮素投入的情况下,有机肥替代化肥对大叶茶产量和品质都有较好的改善作用,可以在勐海县推广。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effect of different fertilization measures on yield and quality of Daye tea in Menghai as well as to alleviate tea quality decline,soil acidification and non-point source pollution and other environmental problems caused by long-term unreasonable fertilization in tea garden,a two-year field plot experiment was conducted on the representative tea garden in Menghai county in which four different fertilization treatments were employed to study the effect of different fertilization measures on yield and quality of tea in Menghai county.According to the results of the study,the effects of four different fertilization treatments on the yield and quality of tea had delay features that the difference was not significant in the first year,but the difference began to appear in the second year.Compared with conventional fertilization,the application of specialty tea leaves for tea trees increased the yield of spring tea by 31.36 kg per hectare in March,and the yield increased by 16.27%,followed by organic fertilizer instead of partial chemical fertilizer.In terms of quality,organic fertilizer substituting for chemical fertilizer had the best effect on amino acid,tea polyphenol and caffeine in tea,and the quality was 36.41%,14.34% and 28.00% higher than those of conventional fertilization,respectively.The application of special fertilizer for tea tree had the best effect on improving the content of water extract in tea,which increased by 10.22%.In the case of reducing nitrogen input in conventional fertilization,organic fertilizer substituting for chemical fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of tea,which can be popularized in Menghai county.

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王凯,张乃明,刘惠见,邓毅书.不同施肥措施对勐海大叶茶产量与品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(3):194-198.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-13
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-07-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-07-29
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