几种土壤调理剂改良大棚种植草莓土壤的效果
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作者单位:

(1.长江大学农学院,湖北 荆州 434025;2.中化农业(临沂)研发中心有限公司,山东 临沂 276000)

作者简介:

戴黎(1995-),女,湖北麻城人,硕士研究生,从事农业水土资源与环境研究。E-mail:qingniandaili@sina.com。

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基金项目:中化农业重点研发项目(072018017F)。


Effects of several soil conditioners on improving the soil in greenhouse for strawberry plantation
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(1.Agriculture College of Yangtze University,Jingzhou Hubei 434025;2.Linyi Agricultural Research and Development Center,Sinochem Chemical Fertilizer Co. Ltd.,Linyi Shandong 276000)

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    摘要:

    随着草莓产业的稳定高效发展,设施草莓大棚土壤连作障碍问题日益突出。采用硅钙钾镁、钙镁磷、月桂醇乙氧基硫酸铵、天然海洋萃取物碳酸钙与椰子提取物混合物和聚丙烯酰胺5种土壤调理剂进行了小区试验,分析了不同处理下草莓种植大棚的土壤养分、酶活、盐分以及草莓的产量和品质。结果表明,硅钙钾镁是改良大棚草莓连作障碍土壤中比较理想的土壤调理剂,与未施用土壤调理剂的对照(CK)相比,硅钙钾镁土壤调理剂可以提高土壤pH值,显著增加土壤的碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,对有机质的影响不显著,可在一定程度上改善土壤酶的活性。与CK相比,硅钙钾镁土壤调理剂处理草莓增产19.5%(P<0.05),平均单果重提高7.35 g(P<0.05),草莓果实的可溶性糖增加10%~18%,可滴定酸增加3.1%~18.3%,维生素C增加1.4%~23.5%,花色苷增加 0.7%~ 43%。此外,聚丙烯酰胺处理较CK处理,草莓产量提高19.1%(P<0.05),平均单果重增加14.51 g(P<0.05),土壤水溶性总盐较CK可降低11%(P<0.05),其中主要是降低SO42-、NO3-含量。为有效克服草莓连作土壤障碍,建议将硅钙钾镁和聚丙烯酰胺配合使用。

    Abstract:

    With the stable and efficient development of strawberry industry,the obstacle of continuous planting in greenhouse is becoming more and more serious.In this experiment,five different soil conditioners were tested,including silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium conditioner,calcium-magnesium-phosphate conditioner,lauryl alcohol-ammonium ethoxy sulfate,mixture of natural marine extract calcium carbonate and coconut extract and polyacrylamide.The soil nutrients,enzyme activities,salt content,yield and quality of strawberries under different experimental treatments were analyzed.The results showed that silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium was an ideal soil conditioner to improve the soil with continuous cropping obstacle of strawberry planted in greenhouse.Compared with the treatment of CK,the application of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium conditioner improved the soil pH value,significantly increased soil alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,but had no significant effect on the organic matter,and it could improve soil enzyme activity to a certain extent.Compared with CK,the yield of strawberries with silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium treatment increased by 19.5%(P<0.05),the average weight of single fruit increased by 7.35 g(P<0.05),soluble sugar increased by 10%~18%,titratable acid increased by 3.1%~18.3%,vitamin C increased by 1.4%~23.5%,anthocyanin increased by 0.7%~43%.In addition,compared with the control,polyacrylamide treatment tended to increase the yield of strawberry by 19.1%(P<0.05),the average single fruit weight by 14.5 g(P<0.05),and decrease the total water-soluble salts in soil by 11%(P<0.05),especially the contents of SO42-,NO3-.In order to effectively overcome the long-term continuous cropping obstacle of strawberry,it is suggested that silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium conditioner and polyacrylamide should be combined applied.

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戴黎,杜延全,朱建强.几种土壤调理剂改良大棚种植草莓土壤的效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(2):276-282.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-01-09
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-03-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-05-17
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