有机硅改性复合肥对玉米养分和镉吸收的影响
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作者单位:

(1.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北 武汉 430070;2.河北硅谷农业科学院,河北 邯郸 057151;3.湖北省公安县农业局农科所,湖北 荆州 434300;4.河北省永年区农牧局,河北 邯郸 057151;5.湖北省恩施州鹤峰县农业生态环境保护站,湖北 恩施 445800;6.主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,湖北 荆州 434045)

作者简介:

黄衡亮(1993-),男,湖北武汉人,硕士研究生,从事土壤重金属污染修复研究。E-mail: hhl@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。

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基金项目:

基金项目:湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2017ABA154);国家科技支撑计划 (2015BAD05B02);河北省硅谷农科院攻关项目(20173186C03)。


Effect of organic silicon modified fertilizers on absorption of nutrients and cadmium in maize
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Affiliation:

(1.College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan Hubei430070;2.Hebei Silicon Valley Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan Hebei057151;3.AgriculturalBureau,Gong’an County Bureau of Agriculture,Jingzhou Hubei434300;4.Hebei Province Yongnian DistrictAgriculture and Animal HusbandryBureau,Handan Hebei057151;5.Agriculural Ecological Environmental ProtectionStation of Hefeng County,Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,Enshi Hubei445800;6.Hubei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major FoodCrops,Jingzhou Hubei434045)

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    摘要:

    有机硅改性复合肥是一种新型肥料,具有提高肥料利用率,降低重金属吸收积累的作用,研究其对作物养分吸收和镉吸收的影响及机制对于推广新型肥料和降镉技术具有重要意义。采用大田试验研究了有机硅改性复合肥对玉米产量、养分吸收及镉含量的影响。结果表明,与普通复合肥相比,有机硅改性复合肥显著提高玉米总生物量 59%~ 60%,提高收获系数 40%~ 42%,提高玉米产量 123%~ 127%;显著提高植株 N、P、K积累量26%~47%、19%~21%、38%~51%,其中显著提高玉米籽粒中N、P和 K积累量 72%~90%、72%~ 82%和 103%~ 128%。同时,与普通复合肥相比,施用有机硅改性复合肥玉米籽粒 Cd含量下降 11%~ 13%。与普通复合肥相比,施用有机硅改性复合肥提高土壤 pH值 0.13~ 0.23,土壤交换性镉下降,同时可还原态和残渣态镉增加。结果表明,施用有机硅改性复合肥促进玉米养分吸收,提高产量,同时降低镉的吸收,是一项玉米增产降镉的新技术。

    Abstract:

    Organic Silicon Modified Fertilizer(OSiF)is a new type of fertilizer,which has the effect of improving fertilizer utilization rate and reducing the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals.Studying its effects on crop nutrient absorption and cadmium absorption and its mechanism are of great significance for promoting new fertilizer and cadmium reduction technology.A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of OSiFs and common compound fertilizer oncornyield,nutrient uptake and cadmium content in maize.The results showed that OSiFs significantly increased the total dry weight of plants by 59%~60%,the harvest coefficient by 40%~42%,and the corn yield by 123%~127%;And in the meantime,the accumulation ofN,P and K in plants was increased by 26%~47%,19%~ 21% and38%~ 51% respectively,and the accumulation of N,P and K in corn grain was increased by 72%~ 90%,72%~ 82% and 103%~ 128% respectively.Simultaneously,the Cd content of mature grains with OSiFs decreased by 11%~ 13%. Determination of soil pH and soil Cd forms showed that pH of soil with OSiFs increased by 0.13~0.23 units,while theexchangeable cadmiumdecreased,and the reduced and residual cadmium increased in comparison with the control fertilizer.The results showed that application of OSiFs in crop production could be a new technology to improve nutrient absorption, increase yield and reduce cadmium absorption and transport.

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黄衡亮,杨发文,宋福如,肖平,乜雪雷,何璇,王章伟,熊双莲,涂书新.有机硅改性复合肥对玉米养分和镉吸收的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(4):156-163.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-15
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2018-10-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-09-02
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