酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组混积层系致密油成藏机理与富集影响因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20180414

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 766-777.doi: 10.11743/ogg20180414

酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组混积层系致密油成藏机理与富集影响因素

郭迎春^1,2, 宋岩^3,4, 方欣欣^1,2, 姜振学^3,4, 陈建军⁵, 郭继刚⁶

1. 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081;
2. 中国地质科学院页岩油气调查评价重点实验室, 北京 100081;
3. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249;
4. 中国石油大学(北京) 非常规天然气研究院, 北京 102249;
5. 中国石油玉门油田分公司, 甘肃酒泉 735200;
6. 自然资源部油气资源战略研究中心, 北京 100034

收稿日期:2017-04-18 修回日期:2018-06-06 出版日期:2018-08-28 发布日期:2018-07-23
作者简介:郭迎春(1982-),男,助理研究员,致密油气地质综合评价、油气成藏动力学。E-mail:cugcupgych@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41602152）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2014CB239105）。

Tight oil accumulation mechanism and controlling factors for enrichment in mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sequences in the Xiagou Formation of Qingxi Sag,Jiuquan Basin

Guo Yingchun^1,2, Song Yan^3,4, Fang Xinxin^1,2, Jiang Zhenxue^3,4, Chen Jianjun⁵, Guo Jigang⁶

1. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Geological Survey, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
4. Unconventional Natural Gas Institute, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
5. Yumen Oilfield Company Ltd., PetroChina, Jiuquan, Gansu 735200, China;
6. Strategic Research Center of Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100034, China

Received:2017-04-18 Revised:2018-06-06 Online:2018-08-28 Published:2018-07-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩混合沉积层系中的致密油是一种重要的致密油类型，在中国及北美地区分布广、资源潜力大，研究混合层系中致密油成藏机理与富集影响因素具有重要意义。以酒泉盆地青西凹陷青南次凹下沟组（K₁g）混积层系为例，主要利用盆地模拟技术恢复下沟组埋藏史、热演化史及生烃史，研究异常高压形成与源储压差演化过程及相应的致密油充注孔喉下限，探讨混积层系中致密油充注渗流过程及富集影响因素。结果表明，早期高热流导致K₁g⁰烃源岩早期生烃（早白垩世末），K₁g²和K₁g³属晚期生烃（新近纪以来），K₁g¹则有早晚两期生烃过程。生油增压是青南次凹下沟组异常高压的主要因素。20 Ma以来，源储界面的剩余压力由2 MPa逐渐增大至现今的32 MPa。基于充注动力学平衡关系，计算得到源储界面充注孔喉下限可达6 nm。青南次凹下沟组混积层系致密油充注及短距离运移符合入侵逾渗方式，导致形成近源聚集和源内聚集的广泛分布的致密油。源储组合配置方式和内部构成特征是影响致密油富集程度的主要因素，源储一体、三明治型油气富集程度较下生上储型和薄互层型高。

关键词: 充注孔喉下限, 生油增压, 源储组合, 成藏机理, 致密油, 青西凹陷, 酒泉盆地

Abstract: Tight oil reservoir in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate strata is an important type of tight oil resources.This type of tight oil reservoir is widely distributed across China and North America,and is believed to have great resource potential.Study on tight oil accumulation mechanism and main controlling factors for enrichment in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate strata are of great significance.The mixed strata of the Xiagou Formation (K₁g),Qingnan subsag,Qingxi Sag,Jiuquan Basin,are the case of study.We restored its burial history,thermal evolution history and hydrocarbon generation history via basin simulation techniques,investigated the formation of abnormal overpressure,pressure difference evolution between reservoir and source rock,and corresponding lower limit of pore throat for tight oil charging,and discussed the controls on hydrocarbon charging,seepage and enrichment in the mixed strata.Results show that the timing of hydrocarbon generation varies from different members in the formation:K₁g⁰ source rocks generated hydrocarbons early at the end of Early Cretaceous due to the high heat flow value in the early stage,while source rocks of K₁g² and K₁g³ started to generate hydrocarbons late in the Neogene,and K₁g¹ source rocks generated hydrocarbons in two periods(one early and one late period).Overpressure was believed to be attributed to hydrocarbon generation.Ever since 20 Ma,the remaining pressure on the boundary of source and reservoir rocks increased from 2 MPa to 32 MPa.The lower pore throat limit for oil charging on the boundary of source and reservoir rocks is 6 nm.Tight oil charging in the mixed strata of the Xiagou Formation and its short-distance migration accord with the invasion-percolation way,resulting in the pervasive accumulation of tight oil within and nearby the source rocks.The source-reservoir configuration and their internal architectures are the main controls on tight oil enrichment:the self-sourcing reservoirs and "sandwich-type"reservoirs are more oil-enriched than the lower-source upper-reservoir ones and thinly interlayered ones.

Key words: oil-charging threshold of throat, overpressure from oil generation, source-reservoir combination, accumulation mechanism, tight oil, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

郭迎春,宋岩,方欣欣,等. 酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组混积层系致密油成藏机理与富集影响因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(4): 766-777. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180414 Guo Yingchun,Song Yan,Fang Xinxin,et al. Tight oil accumulation mechanism and controlling factors for enrichment in mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sequences in the Xiagou Formation of Qingxi Sag,Jiuquan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(4): 766-777. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180414

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酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组混积层系致密油成藏机理与富集影响因素

Tight oil accumulation mechanism and controlling factors for enrichment in mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sequences in the Xiagou Formation of Qingxi Sag,Jiuquan Basin

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[1]	肖正录, 陈世加, 刘广林, 王攀, 唐隆祥, 刘章昊. 有限充注动力背景下致密储层油水差异成藏再认识——以鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组8段为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1129-1138.
[2]	陈志明, 陈昊枢, 廖新维, 曾联波, 周彪. 致密油藏压裂水平井缝网系统评价方法——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1288-1298.
[3]	何发岐, 梁承春, 陆骋, 袁春艳, 黎小伟. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘过渡带致密-低渗油藏断缝体的识别与描述[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4): 710-718.
[4]	徐中一, 方思冬. 边界层对致密油藏逆向渗吸的数值模拟[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(3): 638-646.
[5]	朱如凯, 邹才能, 吴松涛, 杨智, 毛治国, 杨海波, 范春怡, 惠潇, 崔景伟, 苏玲, 王焕第. 中国陆相致密油形成机理与富集规律[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(6): 1168-1184.
[6]	黄文彪, 詹卓琛, 逯瑞敬, 高阳, 卢双舫, 白振华, 杨亮. 致密油微观充注动态过程及控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(6): 1197-1204,1214.
[7]	王媛, 汪少勇, 李建忠, 张义杰. 辽西雷家地区沙四段中-低熟烃源岩排烃效率与致密油-页岩油勘探前景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(4): 810-821.
[8]	周庆凡, 金之钧, 杨国丰, 董宁, 尚柱成. 美国页岩油勘探开发现状与前景展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(3): 469-477.
[9]	牛小兵, 冯胜斌, 尤源, 梁晓伟, 辛红刚, 淡卫东, 李廷艳, 任继胜. 致密储层体积压裂作用范围及裂缝分布模式——基于压裂后实际取心资料[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(3): 669-677.
[10]	徐田武, 张洪安, 李继东, 赵伟. 渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷盐湖相成烃成藏特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(2): 248-261.
[11]	付小东, 吴健平, 寿建峰, 王小芳, 周进高, 张天付, 郭永军. 渤海湾盆地束鹿凹陷古近系沙河街组湖相混积泥灰岩致密油储层特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(1): 78-91.
[12]	葛云锦, 任来义, 贺永红, 马芳侠, 王全, 杜克锋, 李红进. 鄂尔多斯盆地富县—甘泉地区三叠系延长组7油层组致密油富集主控因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(6): 1190-1200.
[13]	王升, 柳波, 付晓飞, 赵万春. 致密碎屑岩储层岩石破裂特征及脆性评价方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(6): 1270-1279.
[14]	张新顺, 王红军, 马锋, 卞从胜, 王兆明. 基于多元回归分析的致密油可采资源评价方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(6): 1323-1335.
[15]	刘振峰, 张金强, 韩磊, 张广智, 武丽, 刘春燕. 鄂南长7段致密油地震流体识别技术应用实践[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(3): 541-548.