| 肖娇,樊建凌,叶桂萍,刘德燕,阎静,LUO Jia-fa,HOULBROOKE David J,丁维新.不同施肥处理下小麦季潮土氨挥发损失及其影响因素研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(10):2011-2018. |
| 不同施肥处理下小麦季潮土氨挥发损失及其影响因素研究 |
| Ammonia volatilization from fluvo-aquic clay soil and its influencing factors during wheat growing season under different fertilization |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0263 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 新鲜牛粪 堆腐牛粪 氨挥发 |
| 英文关键词: winter wheat fresh cow manure composted cow manure ammonia volatilization |
| 基金项目:新西兰恒天然-中国科学院国际合作项目International Collaborative Research on Dairy Farm Waste application to land supported by Fonterra （Beijing） Farm Management Consulting Co. Ltd |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 肖娇 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 樊建凌 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 叶桂萍 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 刘德燕 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 阎静 | 恒天然(北京)牧场管理咨询有限公司, 北京 100006 | | | LUO Jia-fa | Land and Environment, AgResearch, Hamilton 3240, 新西兰 | | | HOULBROOKE David J | Land and Environment, AgResearch, Hamilton 3240, 新西兰 | | | 丁维新 | 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | wxding@issas.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 氨挥发是肥料氮素损失的重要途径之一，由于土壤类型、气候条件、肥料种类、用量和施用时间等因素不同而存在很大差异。试验采用间歇式密闭室通气法，对华北平原不同施肥处理（新鲜牛粪与尿素配施、堆腐牛粪与尿素配施和NPK单施）下，冬小麦生长季粘质潮土氨挥发及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明：冬小麦季土壤氨挥发总量占肥料氮用量的1.23%~1.97%，主要来源于追肥，占整个小麦生长季氨挥发总量的80%左右。不同施肥处理强烈影响氨挥发强度，新鲜牛粪与尿素配施处理氨挥发损失量最高，氮素损失率为1.97%，显著高于堆腐牛粪与尿素配施和NPK单施。基肥期氨挥发速率与气温密切相关，追肥期土壤含水量和NH4+-N浓度是影响氨挥发的主控因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ammonia(NH3) volatilization is a major path of N losses from applied nitrogen fertilizers, which not only results in economic losses, but also poses risks to the environment. A field experiment was set up in Yutian county, Hebei Province, to evaluate the NH3 volatilization in fluvo-aquic clay soil under applications of different fertilizers. There were four treatments with four replicates per treatment:fresh cow manure+urea(RAW), composted cow manure+urea(COM), NPK fertilizer(NPK), and control with no N fertilizer(CK). The manures and chemical fertilizer were applied at a rate of 225 kg N·hm-2, with half mixed into the soil as basal fertilization before planting and the other half applied to the soil as a top dressing after plant emergence. A continuous air-flow enclosure method was used to monitor NH3 volatilization rates during a winter wheat growing season. The highest cumulative amount of NH3 volatilization during the wheat growing season was measured in the RAW treatment with a net loss through NH3 volatilization of 1.97% of the N applied, which was significantly higher than that in the COM and NPK treatments. Up to 80% of the total NH3 volatilization occurred after top-dressing. Soil temperature was identified as a key factor affecting NH3 volatilization during the basal fertilization period and the flux of NH3 volatilization was significantly correlated with soil moisture and NH4+-N contents after top-dressing. |
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